Space & Astronomy/Space and Astronomy (October 1993).iso/mac/TEXT/SPACEDIG/V15_0/V15NO002.TXT

Internet Message Format | 1993-07-13 | 35KB

Date: Wed, 15 Jul 92 04:59:59
From: Space Digest maintainer <[e-mail]>
Reply-To: [e-mail]
Subject: Space Digest V15 #002
To: Space Digest Readers
Precedence: bulk


Space Digest                Wed, 15 Jul 92       Volume 15 : Issue 002

Today's Topics:
                          apollo 10 (2 msgs)
                          Coding on Galileo
                CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
                       Giotto Update - 07/13/92
Hungry for Instant Comet Science (was Re: Giotto Update - 07/13/92) (2 msgs)
                 Interplanetary communications relays
                      Magellan Update - 07/14/92
           N2 in nuclear thermal rocket / Hohmann to Venus
                 Now, where at last ? (Re: apollo 10)
                        Space Digest Returns!
   Space Transportation Infrastructure Costs (Was Re: Interstates)
                       STS-47 SAREX fact sheet
                                 test

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----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date: Tue, 14 Jul 92 17:19:33 GMT
From: John Stevenson <hangfore@backinblack>
Subject: apollo 10
Newsgroups: sci.space

In article <[e-mail]> [e-mail]
(Shari L Brooks) writes:
> I do *not* understand.  I have been under the impression since I was
about 6
> years old, and upper division physics and graduate level astronautical
> engineering have only severd to confirm this impression, that the reason
> any object in orbit decayed was because of drag or some other,
frictional/
> viscous loss of energy.  Do you mean to say that solar wind is enough to
> decay an object in selenocentric orbit?  Or perhaps, dust?
>
> What could possibly cause an object in a stable (stable :== orbit radius
>
> lunar radius) orbit around the moon to decay?

Of course, the gravitational field about the moon is conservative. What
happens to the orbit is not a loss of energy but a change of shape.
We often think of orbits about a single point mass. Such a scenario will
maintain orbit shape. The "lumpiness" of the moon's gravitational field,
however, could be thought of as a number of point masses, not all of which
could occupy the focus of the orbital ellipse. As the satellite orbits the
center of mass of all these points, it will pass closer to some of the off
center points, "sucking" in the satellite and lowering the altitude at
that point which might or will be the periapsis of the orbit. Of course,
the apoapsis is raised to conserve the total energy. The orbit becomes
more and more elliptical until impact with the surface. The current models
of the moon's gravity suggest this lowering of the periapsis happens quite
quickly (order of days for 100 km orbits).

By the way, the large uncertainty in the modelling of the moon's
gravitational field is due not only to a lack of missions but also due to
the somewhat unique property of the farside of the moon. The farside of
the moon is never visible from the earth, and the doppler acceleration
measurements of satellites that are used to develop gravitational models
cannot be made while the satellites are traversing the farside. This lack
of visibility greatly increases the uncertainty of the modelling process.
JPL's Lunar Observer was going to deploy a small subsatellite to relay the
radio navigation signals of the main satellite while it traversed the
farside for just this purpose.

John Stevenson
[e-mail]

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 15 Jul 92 00:11:32 GMT
From: James Ashton <[e-mail]>
Subject: apollo 10
Newsgroups: sci.space

In article <[e-mail]>, [e-mail] (Shari L Brooks) writes:
> I do *not* understand.  I have been under the impression since I was about 6
> years old, and upper division physics and graduate level astronautical
> engineering have only severd to confirm this impression, that the reason
> any object in orbit decayed was because of drag or some other, frictional/
> viscous loss of energy.  Do you mean to say that solar wind is enough to
> decay an object in selenocentric orbit?  Or perhaps, dust?
>
> What could possibly cause an object in a stable (stable :== orbit radius >
> lunar radius) orbit around the moon to decay?

Well perhaps decay is not the most accurate term here.  Your confusion
is based on the assumption that the Moon can be modelled as a point
mass at its centre of gravity.  This is a valid assumption only if its
mass is distributed in a certain way.  It turns out that the Moon's
mass is significantly lumpy which will cause objects orbiting it,
particularly objects in low orbits, to have their orbits perturbed from
the usual elliptical shape.  Of course the solar wind and other
perturbing bodies will have some effect also but I don't think they're
significant in this case.  Needless to say, only small perturbations
are required before the orbit intersects the lunar surface whereat the
object's orbit could be considered to commence very rapid decay.

-- James Ashton ([e-mail])      Veni, vidi, emi in diem

------------------------------

Date: 14 Jul 92 23:43:23 GMT
From: [e-mail]
Subject: Coding on Galileo
Newsgroups: sci.space

In article <[e-mail]>
[e-mail] (Ron Baalke) writes:

>  stuff deleted
>
>3.  On July 8, as part of the Warming/Cooling Turn No. 6A activities,
>real-time commands were sent to switch from 10 bps coded telemetry to 40 bps
                                             ^^^^^^                    ^^^^^^
>coded telemetry.  This command was sent after the S-band TWTA (Traveling
>Wave Tube Amplifier) was set to the high power mode via the stored sequence
>(see Special Topic No. 2).
>
>  stuff deleted

What sort of coding is used in the 10 bit/s and 40 bit/s data rates? Is it the
standard K = 7 rate 1/2 convolutional code? What sort of coding is going to
be used to get 100 bit/s from Jupiter (is it the new K = 15 rate 1/4
convolutional code concatenated with the standard (255,223) Reed Solomon outer
code?).

--
Steven S. Pietrobon,  Australian Space Centre for Signal Processing
Signal Processing Research Institute, University of South Australia
The Levels, SA 5095, Australia.      [e-mail]

------------------------------

Date: 15 Jul 92 01:39:41 GMT
From: John Roberts <[e-mail]>
Subject: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
Newsgroups: sci.space

-From: [e-mail] (Bill Higgins-- Beam Jockey)
-Subject: Re: N2 in nuclear thermal rocket / Hohmann to Venus
-Date: 14 Jul 92 15:24:09 GMT

-Once upon a time, in the rosy Sixties, it looked like *lots* of people
-might want to know about interplanetary transfer trajectories.  So
-they put the tables in the Rubber Handbook.  Later, in the Eighties,
-they got disillusioned and took it out.  :-(

-Frank, older editions *do* have the table...

There's considerable turnover from edition to edition - which is why you
should *never* thow away an old edition.

(That's probably true of the other CRC Handbooks as well, except maybe the one
on math...)

Eshbach's Handbook of Engineering Fundamentals still has a good section on
astronautics - some orbital stuff, and lots of spacecraft control.

John Roberts
[e-mail]

------------------------------

Date: 14 Jul 92 12:13:50 GMT
From: Conor O'Neill <[e-mail]>
Subject: Giotto Update - 07/13/92
Newsgroups: sci.space,sci.astro

In article <[e-mail]> [e-mail] writes:
>
>                             GIOTTO STATUS REPORT

 [ bits deleted ]

>mode should an uplink be required.  Visual indications of the encounter
                                     ^^^^^^
>consisted of a sharp negative change of approximately 120 Hz in the doppler
>residuals and a small decrease in the downlink AGC (Automatic Gain Control).

Well, somebody's eyesight is obviously a lot better than mine!

---
Conor O'Neill, Software Group, INMOS Ltd., UK.
UK: [e-mail]        US: [e-mail]
"It's state-of-the-art" "But it doesn't work!" "That is the state-of-the-art".

------------------------------

Date: 14 Jul 92 18:09:36 GMT
From: Bill Higgins-- Beam Jockey <[e-mail]>
Subject: Hungry for Instant Comet Science (was Re: Giotto Update - 07/13/92)
Newsgroups: sci.space

In article <[e-mail]>, [e-mail] (Ron Baalke) writes:
>                              GIOTTO STATUS REPORT
>      On July 10 the Giotto spacecraft encounterd Comet Grigg-Skjellerup
> with the closest approach to the nucleus at about 200 km.

Thanks to Ron for posting this bulletin... but it doesn't say much
about what Giotto learned.  Has there been any "instant science" in
the press?  I haven't seen anybody discuss it on Usenet, nor in the
other places I get my news. The only other thing I know about Giotto
is that NASA Administrator Goldin visited ESOC in Germany to watch the
encounter.

Bill Higgins, Beam Jockey              | According to the doctrine
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory  | of natural selection,
Bitnet:           [e-mail]  | *you* were designed
Internet:       [e-mail]  | by a committee.
SPAN/Hepnet:           43011::HIGGINS  | The biggest committee ever.

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 15 Jul 1992 04:57:04 GMT
From: Ron Baalke <[e-mail]>
Subject: Hungry for Instant Comet Science (was Re: Giotto Update - 07/13/92)
Newsgroups: sci.space

In article <[e-mail]>, [e-mail] (Bill Higgins-- Beam Jockey) writes...
>In article <[e-mail]>, [e-mail] (Ron Baalke) writes:
>>                              GIOTTO STATUS REPORT
>>      On July 10 the Giotto spacecraft encounterd Comet Grigg-Skjellerup
>> with the closest approach to the nucleus at about 200 km.
>
>Thanks to Ron for posting this bulletin... but it doesn't say much
>about what Giotto learned.

I haven't heard anything about any science results myself.  We just track the
spacecraft and forward the data to ESOC in Germany.  Giotto is an
ESA mission and it is up to them to interpret the data and announce the
results.
     ___    _____     ___
    /_ /|  /____/ \  /_ /|     Ron Baalke         | [e-mail]
    | | | |  __ \ /| | | |     Jet Propulsion Lab |
 ___| | | | |__) |/  | | |__   M/S 525-3684 Telos | In 1991 there were 16 names
/___| | | |  ___/    | |/__ /| Pasadena, CA 91109 | listed on the FBI's ten
|_____|/  |_|/       |_____|/                     | most wanted list.

------------------------------

Date: 14 Jul 92 08:59:49 GMT
From: Nick Szabo <[e-mail]>
Subject: Interplanetary communications relays
Newsgroups: sci.space

Interesting ideas; some points to ponder:

* The data still has to come down to Earth.  The space-based antenna
  only reduces the requirement for ground facilities, it does not
  replace them.  If the relay is in Earth orbit the ground receiver
  can be small, and the relay provides better scheduling flexibility
  with a 24-hour view period.  If the relay is itself in deep space the
  savings comes primarily from operations with large numbers of space
  probes (eg Martian comsat for rover network); the ground antenna is
  still constrained to c. 10 hour view periods.

* Good deep-space relay locations may be Sun/Earth LaGrange points,
  which are much closer to planets in opposition.

* The main benefit comes when we can deploy or assemble large
  (eg 70-100m) antennas in orbit for less cost than building
  gravity-constrained receivers on the ground.

* On a more down-to-earth note, we could really use a good DSN complex
  in South America: the American side of the planet has the worst large
  antenna coverage!  The other side has Australia's Canberra complex
  with Japan and Russia as backup, but only one Goldstone 70m on this
  side.

>The capabilities of the relays could be considerably enhanced by adding
>onboard storage.

Storage adds a considerabile amount of communications flexibility, whether
on a relay or the probe itself.  For example, Magellan takes a huge toll on
DSN resources, and has left parts of Venus unmapped.  It needs to download
the data before the next pass, which leads to inflexible DSN scheduling
requirements, which conflict with other missions such as Galileo when
they are in the same part of the sky.


--
[e-mail]  Public Access User --- Not affiliated with TECHbooks
Public Access UNIX and Internet at [phone] (1200/2400, N81)

------------------------------

Date: 15 Jul 92 04:51:50 GMT
From: Ron Baalke <[e-mail]>
Subject: Magellan Update - 07/14/92
Newsgroups: sci.space,sci.astro

Forwarded from the Magellan Project

                       MAGELLAN STATUS REPORT
                           July 14, 1992

1.  Magellan continues to operate under the M2192 command
    sequence, but due to degradation of high rate
    telecommunications the 360 kHz subcarrier has been turned
    off.

2.  Both stars were missed on orbit #5288 yesterday and one
    was missed on orbit #5292 last night, but the attitude
    control remains precise.

3.  Yesterday controllers implemented the software patch to
    control the radar heater setpoints.  Transmitter B is now
    at 49.8 deg. C.

4.  Later today they expect to swap the High Gain Antenna to
    S-band and swap from Receiver B to Receiver A.  Early
    tomorrow, a swap from Transmitter B to Transmitter A is
    planned.

5.  All of these spacecraft reconfigurations are designed to
    preserve Transmitter B performance for high priority radar
    mapping in early September.

6.  This has required a temporary interuption in SAR (Synthetic
    Aperture Radar) data acquisition while the Project formulates
    the best Transmitter B operational mode for filling the one
    remaining gap and for later mapping operations.

7.  Recovery of this so-called "Thermal/Transmitter Gap" would
    add about 1.5% to the Venus surface coverage of the
    Magellan mission, bringing the total to about 99%.  The
    primary mission objective was to achieve at least 70%.
     ___    _____     ___
    /_ /|  /____/ \  /_ /|     Ron Baalke         | [e-mail]
    | | | |  __ \ /| | | |     Jet Propulsion Lab |
 ___| | | | |__) |/  | | |__   M/S 525-3684 Telos | In 1991 there were 16 names
/___| | | |  ___/    | |/__ /| Pasadena, CA 91109 | listed on the FBI's ten
|_____|/  |_|/       |_____|/                     | most wanted list.

------------------------------

Date: 14 Jul 92 15:24:09 GMT
From: Bill Higgins-- Beam Jockey <[e-mail]>
Subject: N2 in nuclear thermal rocket / Hohmann to Venus
Newsgroups: sci.space

In article <[e-mail]>, [e-mail] (Michael Wallis) writes:
> [e-mail] (FRANK NEY) writes:
>
>> Excuse me, but I have a CRC-HCP (1991 ed) and have never seen any
>> orbit information in it.
>>
>> If I am wrong, please point me to chapter and section.  Thank you.
>
> Oh??? Sheesh! Mine was an old (circa '74) one from when I was back in High
> School. It was in section F with all the physical data on the planets and
> asteroids. Try the table of contents or index. If they've dropped it, I'll
> be very disappointed.

Maybe the CRC editors decided that spaceflight was a foolish dream,
that Hohmann orbits were only of interest to a technical elite who had
access to more specialized reference books anyway.

Once upon a time, in the rosy Sixties, it looked like *lots* of people
might want to know about interplanetary transfer trajectories.  So
they put the tables in the Rubber Handbook.  Later, in the Eighties,
they got disillusioned and took it out.  :-(

Frank, older editions *do* have the table...

During the first and second stage         Bill Higgins
flights of the vehicle, if a serious      Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
irretrievable fault should occur and      [e-mail]
the deviation of the flight attitude of   [e-mail]
the vehicle exceeds a predetermined       SPAN/Hepnet: 43011::HIGGINS
value, the attitude self-destruction
system will make the vehicle
self-destroyed.
     --Long March 3 User's Manual
     Ministry of Astronautics, People's Republic of China (1985)

------------------------------

Date: 15 Jul 92 01:19:06 GMT
From: David Lesher <[e-mail]>
Subject: Now, where at last ? (Re: apollo 10)
Newsgroups: sci.space

Others said
# So where is it (the LM ascent stage, and the descent) ?
#
# And -- Is there a listing (or something like) where those hardware of past
# space endeavors went, which is not on earth or earth orbit ? (Apollo AND
# unmanned probes)

Well, I think the folks at NORAD in Colorado Springs keep track
of everything up there. But, I doubt they answer many
questions.....

--
A host is a host from coast to [e-mail]
& no one will talk to a host that's close..........................
Unless the host (that isn't close).........................pob 1433
is busy, hung or dead....................................20915-1433

------------------------------

Date: 15 Jul 92 00:17:19 GMT
From: Ron Baalke <[e-mail]>
Subject: Space Digest Returns!
Newsgroups: sci.space

In article <[e-mail]>, [e-mail] (Email Digest Server) writes...
>    The Space Magazine is no longer available.  Perhaps in the future
>someone will volunteer to moderate it, but for the moment no one is available.
>

The Space Magazine was a compilation of the "best of" postings to sci.space.
However, the sci.space.news newsgroup essentially
fills that role now.  There is a mailing list available for the sci.space.news
newsgroup, and if you want to be added to the mailing list then contact
either myself or Peter Yee ([e-mail]).
     ___    _____     ___
    /_ /|  /____/ \  /_ /|     Ron Baalke         | [e-mail]
    | | | |  __ \ /| | | |     Jet Propulsion Lab |
 ___| | | | |__) |/  | | |__   M/S 525-3684 Telos | In 1991 there were 16 names
/___| | | |  ___/    | |/__ /| Pasadena, CA 91109 | listed on the FBI's ten
|_____|/  |_|/       |_____|/                     | most wanted list.

------------------------------

Date: 14 Jul 92 23:08:00 GMT
From: [e-mail]
Subject: Space Transportation Infrastructure Costs (Was Re: Interstates)
Newsgroups: sci.space

In article <[e-mail]>, [e-mail] (John Roberts) writes...
>
>-From: [e-mail] (Frank Crary)
>-Subject: Re: Interstates
>-Date: 8 Jul 92 06:30:17 GMT
>-Organization: U.C. Berkeley Open Computing Facility
>
>-In article <[e-mail]> [e-mail] (John Roberts) writes:
>->There's a plaque at a rest stop on I-70 out west somewhere that tells the
>->story. Back when Eisenhower was a low-ranking army officer, he was part of a
>->convoy traveling from the east coast to the west coast. The trip took an
>->incredibly long time, something like 40 days! When he became president, he had
>->a strong interest in improving the highway system.
>
>-I think it was more like 70 days. The plaque is at a rest stop in western
>-Kansas, between (I think) Hays and Salina.
>
>-I'm not sure what your point is though.
>
>Just a possible origin for the connection between the military and the
>Interstate highway system.
>
>John Roberts
>[e-mail]
>


This is part of the thread that I have been talking about on the proper role
of the government in developing space. Transportation systems have always (
from Phonecian Government supported shipping, Roman Roads, American Canals and
Interstates) been the development responsiblity of government. Why? Increased
commerce at a lower cost has always been the incentive. This gets the
government  a vastly increased tax base upon which to feed its lusts as well
as to benefit the ones it is supposed to benefit. The military aspect has
always been part of the equation as well. There would be no Boeing or McDonnel
Douglas as they are today without the B-17 and the DC-3 (C-47).

I think a consensus is growing on this net group that cheap transportation is
the number 1 priority in all of our future wonderful plans for space. Maybe
instead of fighting about manned vs unmanned we could jointly promote the
development of a transportation infrastructure that will greatly lower
the cost of manned space for their purposes and unmanned space for ever grander
tours of ever farther places. I make a suggestion that those on here with
expertise begin to post your ideas for lowering transportation costs. Included
with this would be cost analyses proffered by good ole Wales regarding current
space transportation systems with the rationals behind the cost figures. Then
with that as a baseline then new or emerging systems could be baselined as
to their cost and performance along with an Ideal system with a strawman cost
scenario.  This could be validated by datum taken from other transportation
system cost reductions over time such as from the railroads, interstates, and
Airplanes. This could serve as a VALID basis upon which to evaluate the
wild and wooly ideas that are sure to emerge from this discussion.

Dennis, University of Alabama in Huntsville

------------------------------

Date: 14 Jul 1992 17:07:56 GMT
From: Jay Maynard <[e-mail]>
Subject: STS-47 SAREX fact sheet
Newsgroups: rec.radio.amateur.misc,sci.space,sci.space.shuttle

           Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX) Fact Sheet

                    STS-47    Space Shuttle Endeavour

When:      Mid-September, 1992 for 6 days of 2 meter operations.

Where:     Earth Orbit. Altitude 300 kilometers, with radio coverage of
           latitudes from 70 degrees North to 70 degrees South.

Operators: Dr. Jay Apt N5QWL and Dr. Mamoru Mohri 7L2NJY.
           N5QWL is the flight engineer for STS-47 and will operate the
           shuttle systems during the "night" shift, while 7L2NJY will be
           one of the scientists performing experiments in a laboratory
           in the shuttle's cargo bay during the "day" shift.

Modes:     FM Voice
                VOICE CALL SIGNS: N5QWL and 7L2NJY

           Packet (Beacons giving daily mission activities by N5QWL daily
                if I get a chance, and robot QSOs - successful connects
                will be issued a contact number by the robot)
                PACKET CALL SIGN: W5RRR-1

Frequencies: We will operate split.  PLEASE DO NOT TRANSMIT ON THE
             DOWNLINK FREQUENCY!

        VOICE:   Downlink (shuttle transmits) on 145.55 MHz
                 Uplink (ground transmits) on 144.95, 144.91, 144.97
                         (except over Europe) - we'll listen on those 3
                         frequencies to spread out the pileup a bit.
                 Uplink for Europe only: 144.80, 144.75, 144.70

                 Successful QSOs on voice will be facilitated by using
                 standard international phonetics for your call sign.  We
                 will not answer any stations using non-standard
                 phonetics.  Use your entire call sign - we log with an
                 audio tape recorder.  Do not use our call sign - passes
                 are very short, and we want to work as many folks as
                 possible.

        PACKET:  Downlink (shuttle transmits) on 145.55
                 Uplink (ground transmits) on 144.70 (worldwide)

        If you can, decrease your radio's deviation to 3 KHz (most are
        initially set at 5 KHz) and compensate for the Doppler shift.  If
        you cannot, wait until a minute or 90 seconds after we come over
        your horizon to transmit - that will put you within our IF.  If
        a station transmits without following these suggestions, we just
        hear what sounds like a noisy carrier.  The above applies to both
        voice and packet.


QSL via:   N5QWL, 806 Shorewood Drive, Seabrook, Texas 77586 USA

     Include a self-addressed stamped envelope (SASE).

     Non-US stations include a self addressed envelope with $0.50 of US
     postage affixed or appropriate IRCs.

     Include the Callsign worked, Date, UTC, Mode, and Frequency.
     For packet contacts, include the QSO number issued by the robot.

     SWL QSL's: Include the Callsign heard, Date, UTC, Mode, and
     Frequency.


Information during the mission:
     AMSAT bulletins, Compuserve, Genie, Prodigy, local packet bulletin
     boards, ARRL bulletins, and HF voice from NASA Johnson Space Center
     ARC, Houston, Texas, W5RRR, or NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center ARC,
     Greenbelt, Maryland, WA3NAN, frequencies listed below.

     W5RRR may be found on or near: 7.215, 14.280, 21.360, and 28.400.
     WA3NAN retransmits NASA Select Audio and SAREX bulletins
     simultaneously on or near 3.860, 7.185, 14.295, 21.395, and 28.650.

     The NASA Info BBS at Johnson Space Center, Houston, will also carry
     Keplerian elements and SAREX bulletins.  [phone], 1200 baud,
     8-N-1.  At the ENTER NUMBER: prompt, type 62511 <return> and log
     onto the BBS.  The Keps and bulletins will be in the welcome
     message.  Disconnect rapidly to facilitate access by others.

Operations Notes:

     N5QWL will be asleep over most USA passes, and 7L2NJY will be busy
with laboratory duties for most US passes, so try us on packet over the
USA.  Remember, our packet call sign is W5RRR-1.  We'll try to work voice
(1) when we are not otherwise engaged, and (2) at night or when the
ground is cloudy (we are generally busy taking pictures of the Earth
during clear daylight passes).  Our orbit will carry us over the Northern
hemisphere in daylight.

     We plan to work 6 schools on this mission: 2 in the US, 3 in
Australia, and 1 in Europe or Africa.

     We do not plan any orbiter maneuvers after the first 6 hours of the
flight, so orbital elements obtained early in the flight ought to be
pretty good for the entire flight.  If I can get to it, I'll activate the
SAREX about 3 hours into the mission; deactivation will occur at about 6
days, 8 hours after launch.

     The orbiter attitude is planned to be tail down, payload bay south.
The SAREX antenna will be in the right forward window, so most contacts
should have a good antenna pattern from AOS to TCA (time of closest
approach).

Prelaunch Keplerian Elements (Courtesy of Gil Carman of the JSC ARC):

 STS-47
 1 00047U          92255.65952351  .00092000  00000-0  29200-3 0    44
 2 00047  57.0019 106.3148 0009301 264.7374  95.2615 15.90241453    28

 Satellite: STS-47
 Catalog number: 00047
 Epoch time:      92255.65952351 =====> (11 SEP 92   15:49:42.83 UTC)
 Element set:     JSC-004
 Inclination:       57.0019 deg
 RA of node:       106.3148 deg          Space Shuttle Flight STS-47
 Eccentricity:     .0009301           Pre-launch SGP4 Keplerian Elements
 Arg of perigee:   264.7374 deg        Launch:  11 SEP 92  14:23:00 UTC
 Mean anomaly:      95.2615 deg
 Mean motion:   15.90241453 rev/day                 W5RRR
 Decay rate:     9.2000e-04 rev/day*2      NASA Johnson Space Center
 Epoch rev:               2

73, N5QWL  12 July 1992


[Direct comments and questions to Gerry Creager, N5JXS, at
[e-mail]. --K5ZC]
--
Jay Maynard, EMT-P, K5ZC, PP-ASEL | Never ascribe to malice that which can
[e-mail]      | adequately be explained by a .sig virus.
   "[...] have you noticed how many people have joined you on the back of
     Rosinante to help subdue this particular windmill?" -- Dan Herrick

------------------------------

Date: Tue, 14 Jul 92 16:36:39 -0400
From: John Greiner <[e-mail]>
Subject: test
Newsgroups: cmu.test

This is a test of xrn line width.  al;sjf;lkasjdf;ljas;ld   asl;dfja
;lskdjf  ;laskdjflkois kldfjaass.

jg

------------------------------

Date: Tue, 14 Jul 92 12:03:52 edt
From: [e-mail]

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Subject: Space Digest V15 #001

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Date: Tue, 14 Jul 92 09:38:15
From: Space Digest <[e-mail]>
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Subject: Space Digest V15 #001
To: Space.Digest.Readers
Precedence: bulk


Space Digest                Tue, 14 Jul 92       Volume 15 : Issue 001

Today's Topics:
                        Space Digest Returns!

       Welcome to the Space Digest!!  Please send your messages to
       "[e-mail]" (on Internet).  If you are on Bitnet,
       you must use a gateway (e.g., "space%isu.isunet.edu@CUNYVM").
       Please do **NOT** send (un)subscription requests to that
       address!  Instead, send the message "Subscribe Space <your name>"
       to one of these addresses: listserv@uga (BITNET), RICE::BOYLE
       (SPAN/NSInet), UTADNX::UTSPAN::RICE::BOYLE (THENET), or
       [e-mail] (Internet).
----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date: 14 Jul 92 09:30:00 EST
From: [e-mail]
Subject: Space Digest Returns!

====================   SPACE DIGEST RETURNS!!!!!!    ====================

       Space Digest, an electronic mailing list for all space-related
topics, is back in action!  After several weeks of changing moderators and
fixing dozens of technical problems, everything is finally ready to go.

=======================    WHAT IS SPACE DIGEST?    ======================

       Space Digest is a public forum for discussing all types of
space-related topics.  Email to the digest is collected during the day,
and the condensed collection (sorted by Subject) is distributed at night.
Three to four digests will be mailed on a typical day.

       Technically, Space Digest mirrors the Usenet newsgroup sci.space;
all posts made to sci.space will appear in Space Digest, and vice versa.  So
if you have access to the sci.space newsgroup you do *not* need to subscribe
to Space Digest.

       Space Digest is *UNMODERATED*.  That means nothing and no one will be
censored, so it's up to everybody to observe proper netiquette (e.g., read
the Frequently-Asked-Questions list before posting a common question, and
don't flood the list with lots of email).

========================    HOW DO I USE IT?    ==========================

       Send all your subscription/unsubscription requests to:

               listserv@uga                    if you're on BITNET
               RICE::BOYLE                     if you're on SPAN (NSInet)
               UTADNX::UTSPAN::RICE::BOYLE     if you're on THENET
               [e-mail]    if you're on Internet and
                                               do *not* have access to
                                               the sci.space newsgroup

Whichever address you use, please format your request as follows (using your
own name, of course):

               subscribe space Mark Maimone

Send your contributions to the digest (which *everybody* on the list and in
the newsgroup will have to read) to:

               [e-mail]            from Internet
               EAST::"[e-mail]"    from SPAN (NSInet)
               space%isu.isunet.edu@CUNYVM     from BITNET

==================    THANK YOU FOR YOUR PATIENCE!!    ==================

       Although we are confident the new configuration will work
eventually, we ask for your patience in the first few days/weeks of
operation.  There are likely to be literally dozens (if not hundreds) of bad
addresses on the mailing list, and we will need time to find them all.  If
you should receive too many (or not enough) copies of the digest, please
send a message to [e-mail].  We will respond as soon as
we are able.

       Finally, a big THANK YOU!! to the folks who helped us make the
transition to our new system:  former moderators Todd Masco and Ted
Anderson, the systems people at Carnegie Mellon, and all the Digest readers
who provided advice (and some code!) for the port.  Space Digest is now
being administered under the auspices of the International Space University,
at their Executive Offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.  The folks
there have donated the use of their hardware, and the time of several staff
and volunteer workers, for this project.  The principal maintainers at this
time are Steve Abrams ([e-mail]) and Mark Maimone ([e-mail]),
but please send all maintenance requests to the [e-mail]
address.

=======================    NOTES FOR OLD-TIMERS    ======================

       The most recent past issue was V14 #1087.  We begin volume 15 with
this announcement.

       The old addresses, [e-mail] and
[e-mail], will continue to function for a while, but we
ask that you please update your address lists to [e-mail] and
[e-mail].

       The Space Magazine is no longer available.  Perhaps in the future
someone will volunteer to moderate it, but for the moment no one is available.

       Some past volumes, and all future ones, will be available by
anonymous-ftp on isu.isunet.edu (192.131.110.15), in directory
/usr/anon/pub/space.  If you don't have access to the FTP program, you can
use an email-based FTP server.  For information, send the message "help" to
[e-mail] if your account is on Internet; on Bitnet, use
bitftp@pucc.

       The listserv at UGA also provides some retrieval and searching
facilities.  Send the message "help" to [e-mail] for more details
(Space Digest is known as "space" on that listserv).

------------------------------

End of Space Digest Volume 15 : Issue 001
------------------------------

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End of Space Digest Volume 15 : Issue 002
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